Journal: Journal of Ovarian Research

Article Title: Mitochondrial membrane depolarization enhances TRAIL-induced cell death in adult human granulosa tumor cells, KGN, through inhibition of BIRC5

doi: 10.1186/s13048-018-0463-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of BIRC5 sensitizes KGN cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis following mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Gene expression analysis of MDR1, DR4, DR5 , and BIRC5 following treatment with FCCP and/or TRAIL. a Expression of the ATP dependent efflux pump, MDR1, which conveys multidrug resistance, was downregulated following all treatment conditions, asterisks indicate significance with regard to vehicle treated cells- P < 0.05* and P < 0.01**. b DR4 was significantly upregulated by treatment with TRAIL alone, but the secondary receptor for TRAIL, DR5 ( c ), showed no change in expression ( P = 0.42 ) . d The negative regulator of apoptosis, BIRC5 , was significantly upregulated following treatment with TRAIL, however when pretreated with FCCP this response was lost. e A knockdown of BIRC5 (64.0 ± 3.3% mRNA expression, 48 h post treatment, n = 3, P < 0.01**) prior to treatment ( f ) led to a significant enhancement of apoptosis induction by dual treatment with FCCP and TRAIL

Article Snippet: Quantitative analysis of Multi-Drug Resistance Gene 1 ( MDR1, also referred to as P-gp, ABCB1, or CD243; assay ID: Hs00184500_m1), Death Receptor 4 (DR4, also referred to as TRAILR1 or TNFRSF10A ; assay ID: Hs00269492_m1), Death Receptor 5 ( DR, also referred to as TRAILR2 or TNFRSF10B ; assay ID: Hs00366278_m1), and BIRC5 (assay ID: Hs00977611_g1) expression was completed using TaqMan gene expression assays (Applied Biosystems) with the reference gene beta-2-microglobulin ( B2M ; assay ID: Hs99999907_m1) using TaqManTM Fast Advanced Master Mix (Life Technoliges) and a StepOnePlusTM Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems), under parameters recommended by the manufacturer for TaqMan gene expression assays.

Techniques: Inhibition, Membrane, Gene Expression, Expressing, Knockdown

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Berberine Improves Chemo-Sensitivity to Cisplatin by Enhancing Cell Apoptosis and Repressing PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.616251

Figure Lengend Snippet: Berberine sensitizes DDP-resistance gastric cancer cells to cisplatin treatment. (A) MTT assay determined the cell viability of BGC-823 cells after cisplatin treatment or BGC-823/DDP cells after cisplatin or cisplatin + berberine treatments. (B) MTT assay determined the cell viability of SGC-7901 cells after cisplatin treatment or SGC-7901/DDP cells after cisplatin or cisplatin + berberine treatments. N = 3; ** p < 0.01 compared to parental cell group; # p < 0.05 and ## p < 0.01 compared to SGC-7901/DDP cells treated with DDP alone. (C,D) Western blot analysis of MDR1 and MRP1 protein levels in BGC-823/DDP and SGC-7901 cells after different concentrations of berberine treatments. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 compared to Blank group ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: The concentrations and the sources of the primary antibodies were shown below: β-actin (1:2,000; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, United States), cleaved caspase-3 (1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology), cleaved caspase-9 (1:1,000, Cell Signaling Technology), Bax (1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1; 1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology), multi-drug resistance-1 (MDR1; 1:1,500; Cell Signaling Technology), phosphorylated (phospho)-PI3K (1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology), PI3K (1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology), phospho-AKT (1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology), AKT (1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology), phospho-mTOR (1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology) and mTOR (1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology).

Techniques: MTT Assay, Western Blot

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Green Synthesized BSA-Coated Selenium Nanoparticles Inhibit Bacterial Growth While Promoting Mammalian Cell Growth

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S193886

Figure Lengend Snippet: Colony-forming unit (CFU) of ( A ) Staphylococcus aureus , ( B ) multi-drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli , and ( C ) Escherichia coli after 1-day treatment with selenium nanoparticles (SeNP). All tests were conducted in triplicate, N = 3. Data are the average ± standard deviation. * p < 0.01 compared to no-treatment control. NS = not statistically significant.

Article Snippet: Escherichia coli ( E. coli , ATCC no. 25922), multi-drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli (ATCC no. BAA-2471), and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus , ATCC no. 25923) were used as the model bacteria.

Techniques: Standard Deviation, Control